Instances›AWS EC2›x2gd›x2gd.12xlarge
Compute
vCPUs48
Memory768 GiB
Mem / vCPU16.00 GiB
ProcessorGraviton2 Processor
Clock speed2.5 GHz
Architecturearm64
Storage
Type2 × 1,425 GB NVMe SSD
Bandwidth14,250 Mbps
Throughput1781.25 MB/s
IOPS60,000
Networking
Performance20 Gigabit
Max ENIs8
IPv6Yes
GPUNone
Family sizes
x2gd.medium1 vCPU · 16 GiB
x2gd.large2 vCPU · 32 GiB
x2gd.xlarge4 vCPU · 64 GiB
x2gd.2xlarge8 vCPU · 128 GiB
x2gd.4xlarge16 vCPU · 256 GiB
x2gd.8xlarge32 vCPU · 512 GiB
x2gd.12xlarge48 vCPU · 768 GiB
x2gd.16xlarge64 vCPU · 1024 GiB
x2gd.metal64 vCPU · 1024 GiB
x2gd.12xlarge

The x2gd.12xlarge pairs 48 vCPU with 768 GiB of RAM, the 16.00 GiB-per-vCPU ratio that marks a memory-optimized instance. In the name, "x" is the extra-memory line, "2" is the generation, "gd" marks AWS Graviton (ARM) processors and local NVMe storage and "12xlarge" is the size within the x2gd family. It runs on AWS Graviton2 Processor at 2.5 GHz, and AWS introduced it in March 2021. AWS has since shipped x8i; x8i.12xlarge is the direct replacement at this size, scoring 1,197,605 CoreMark/s against this instance's 952,696 — roughly 26% more throughput for the same vCPU count. Spot's node ladder tops out below this size, so x2gd.12xlarge becomes 6 × mh.vs1.2xlarge (96 vCPU, 768 GiB combined), $4.01/hr on AWS in US East (N. Virginia), from $0.126/hr on Rackspace Spot. Spot delivers compute as managed Kubernetes, so a node pool of that size is the native shape of the answer rather than a workaround — provided the workload scales horizontally.

Match qualityScale-out match

x2gd.12xlarge gives you 48 vCPU and 768 GiB in a single machine. The largest comparable Spot node, mh.vs1.2xlarge, is 16 vCPU and 128 GiB, so the equivalent here is 6 nodes rather than one.

Spot runs as managed Kubernetes, so a 6-node pool is the normal way to run things rather than a workaround. If your workload already sits behind a load balancer, a queue or a scheduler, it spreads across them without changes. If it needs all 48 cores and 768 GiB in one process, it does not.

x86_64 onlyx2gd.12xlarge is Graviton (arm64) and Rackspace Spot has no arm64 nodes, so you'd be moving to x86. You'll need x86 builds of your images, and per-core speed differs between the chips — worth testing before you decide how many nodes to run.
No local diskx2gd.12xlarge comes with 2 × 1,425 GB NVMe SSD attached to the machine. Spot nodes use network storage only, so that disk doesn't come with it. If you were using it as fast scratch space, you'd move to a persistent volume or object storage, which are slower to read.
Pricing by region
1 hr
RegionAWS on-demandAWS Spot1-yr Reserved3-yr ReservedRackspace SpotYou save
US East, N. Virginia$4.008$1.322$2.470$1.369$0.126
$3.882 savings
US Central, Chicagono AWS region$0.126
US Central, Dallasno AWS region$0.786
Hong Kong$0.126
Sydney, Australia$0.126
London, UK$0.786
US West, San Jose$0.011
US Central, Dallas 2no AWS region$1.331
When to use it
Good for
  • ●OLAP and business intelligence query engines
  • ●Real-time analytics over hot datasets
  • ●Database instances that keep the working set in RAM
  • ●Workloads that fit inside 768 GiB of RAM
  • ●Jobs that want 2 × 1,425 GB of local NVMe scratch space
  • ●Network-heavy services — AWS rates this size at 20 Gigabit
  • ●Anything that shards cleanly across 6 nodes, which is how it maps onto Rackspace Spot
Avoid if
  • ●The working set needs more than 768 GiB of RAM
  • ●You cannot rebuild x86-only binaries or vendor images for aarch64
  • ●CPU-bound work. You are paying for memory this workload will not use.
  • ●More than 16.00 GiB of RAM per vCPU is needed — that ratio is fixed for the whole family
  • ●The work is single-threaded. Most of these 48 vCPU would sit idle.
  • ●GPU or FPGA acceleration is needed
x2gd.12xlarge runs $2,926/mo on AWS on-demand. The 6-node equivalent on Rackspace Spot: $92/mo.
  • Spot sells spare capacity at market prices. It is the cheapest compute on the internet.
  • Prices are set by supply and demand. You pay what the market decides.
  • Compute is delivered as fully managed Kubernetes. All infrastructure is taken care of.
  • Egress costs $0.01/GB after the free allowance. AWS charges $0.09/GB.
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